The Libyan Journal of Science

Evaluate Fire Radiative Power (FRP) from Oil field emissions over Oil Crescent of Libya, using Satellite techniques of VIIRS-Suomi bands

Dawi Muftah Ageel — Sun, 25 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Under climate change conditions, gases from oil fires may cause environmental damage proportional to the number of oil fields and their production capacity. Fire Radiant Power (FRP) used as an indicator of the combustion area (emission). The spatial resolution of bands were 370 m per pixel. The results showed high productivity in large fields such as Wahat 3.62 FRP 347.33 BT and Nafora-C 3.24 FRP with 335.46 BT, the weakest field recorded in Intisar-A was 0.6 FRP and 299.21 BT. For a monthly time series, in April highest FRP value recorded, the weak values were recorded in winter and fall months. This study recommends a health survey of workers and residents near those fields, and a field assessment of air pollution for the entire oil crescent is needed.

Hepatoprotective and Hematoprotective Effects of Vitamin C Against Paracetamol Toxicity in Wistar Albino Rats

Wafa elmatoni, Mustafa Sidoun, Alhammaly Shabash — Sun, 11 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Paracetamol is a commonly prescribed analgesic and antipyretic medication with potentially lethal side effects when used in large doses. The current experiment sought to determine if vitamin C (ascorbic acid) alleviates the hepatotoxicity and Hematotoxicity induced by paracetamol in rats. 36 male rats were divided into four groups: control group; paracetamol group (APAP 400 mg/kg, orally); vitamin C treated group (200 mg/kg, orally); vitamin C-paracetamol treated group (vitamin C 200 mg/kg orally and APAP 400 mg/kg orally). The findings of this study showed that paracetamol administration significantly elevated the liver enzymes (AST and ALT), WBCs and MCHC values while significantly reduced the MCV level. Vitamin C restored the AST, ALT levels and WBCs count nearly to their normal levels and reverse the paracetamol effects on hematological markers. The current study's findings show that vitamin C greatly reduces PCM-induced hepatotoxicity while only slightly protecting against hematotoxicity.

The Role of the Complement System in Chronic Intestinal Inflammation

fatima mohamed — Sun, 11 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Complement is an important component of the innate immunity that can initiate or sustain inflammation but can modulate the developing adaptive immune response against invading foreign pathogens. Chronic inflammation is a characteristic of many long-term clinical disorders. An imbalance in the activation and regulation of the intestinal complement system hampers effective intestinal barrier function and hence contributes to severe intestinal inflammation as observed in inflammatory bowel diseases patients. Animal models have been instrumental in the evaluation of over-activation or impaired activation of the intestinal complement system in determining the extent of chronic intestinal inflammation. This review examines the role and possible therapeutic manipulation of complement system in chronic intestinal inflammation.

Prevalence of Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anaemia in Adolescent Girls in Tobruk, Libya.

mahboba aldareh — Sun, 11 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Anemia is the most common blood disorder, affecting about a third of the global population. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most advanced stage of iron deficiency. This includes populations of all ages and genders. However, adolescent girls are more prone to this. This study aims to find the prevalence of anemia between adolescent girls in Tobruk, Libya. The data of 200 samples was collected from Ibn Al Heathem private laboratory Center in Tobruk, for 7 months (Jun 2023-December 2023). Out of 200 girls, 50% of adolescent girls were found to be anemic. Of the total, 43.5% were mild, 4.1% were moderate and 2.5% were severely affected by anaemia. The prevalence of anemia is up to 50%, so it must be prevented and managed.

Synthesis, structure analysis, and optical parameters investigation of Zirconium dioxide nanoparticles pure and dispersed in poly(vinylpyrrolidone) nanocomposite

Abdulhakim A. Jangher, Abdullah H. Almokhter, Ali Ben Ahmed — Sun, 13 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Poly(vinylpyrrolidone), PVP is used in several potential applications, based on its particular chemical and physical properties. The objective of this work is to prepare PVP-zirconium dioxide, (PVP-ZrO₂) nanocomposites. ZrO₂ NPs were obtained by the sol-gel method. The formation of spherical ZrO₂ NPs, PVP film, and PVP-ZrO₂ nanocomposites was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and optical spectroscopy (UV-visible and Fluorescence). The XRD patterns revealed the monoclinic crystal structure of the ZrO₂ NPs (average size of 19 nm) and the successful doping operation. The FT-IR spectra revealed the strong interaction between the PVP polymer and the ZrO₂. The absorption edges of all nanocomposites shifted to the higher wavelength region compared to the pure polymer. The results indicate that the optical bandgap values decreased as the ZrO₂ content increased. Additionally, from pure PVP to nanocomposites by different concentrations, the emission peak broadens towards the higher wavelength side, with offset superiority for 5% ZrO₂ NPs/PVP nanocomposite. All these results indicate the eligibility of the ZrO₂NPs/PVP blend nanocomposites for different optoelectronic applications.

Photocatalytic degradation of Congo red and methylene blue dyes and antibacterial activity using silver nanoparticles synthesized from Aqueous Seeds Extract of Ziziphus Spina-Christi

Mohamed Erhayem — Sun, 11 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +0000

In the present study, silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) was used as catalyst for the photo degradation of Congo Red dye, CR, and Methylene Blue dye, MB under UV-light have wavelength of 254 nm and irradiation time of 120 min. In addition, The antibacterial activity of Ag-NPs was studied on Staphylococcus aureus as Gram-positive and E.coli as Gram-negative bacteria. The photocatalytic degradation efficiency was 87.11% for CR, and was 86.46% for MB. The kinetic of photocatalytic degradation of CR and MB dyes belonged to second order model with coefficient of correlation (R2) equals 0.973 and 0.998, respectively. The rate constants of second order model of CR and MB dyes was noted to be equals 198 L.mol-1.min-1, 5555 L.mol-1.min-1. The half-life of second order model of CR and MB dyes was found to be equals 17.8 and 12.6 minutes for CR and MB dyes, respectively. The antibacterial activity of the nanoparticles was studied. Gram- positive bacteria showed minimum zone of inhibition at 17.9 and Gram-negative bacteria was showed maximum zone of inhibition at 22.3 mm.

Numerical Solutions of Maxwell's Equations to Calculate Waves Propagation in Dielectric Material using Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) Technique

Sedig Farhat — Sun, 11 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This paper presents the numerical solutions of Maxwell's time dependent curl equations by using finite difference time domain (FDTD) technique for simulating the electromagnetic waves propagation in a dielectric medium designed in different shapes in two dimensional system. The waves propagated in the dielectric slab, which can be studied to show that for the example, a dielectric medium can use to guide the waves in a material. The results of the calculations indicated that the performance of a dielectric slab model acted as a guide of the signals. The impact of a dielectric slab orientation variation can be studied. The results demonstrated that each change in the shape structure of a dielectric could result into the different distributions, as an example two different distributions generated when the dielectric slabs oriented in the x-direction compared with y-direction. Moreover, the propagations of the waves can be studied when varying the phase. The first simulation the dielectric slabs placed in free space and the second the dielectric slab placed between two parallel strips made of the perfect electric conductors (PECs). The result of the first simulation demonstrated that the signal updated on the dielectric as well as free space while the result of the second simulation, the signal only updated in the dielectric slab between the strips. In one dimensional (1-D) as an example of the propagation of electromagnetic wave in a dielectric constant compared with PEC. The results have shown that it is possible to study two different types of materials in a one simulation. Therefore, the results obtained clearly demonstrated that electromagnetic wave completely reflected back into a domain when the pulse is striking with the PEC while in a region of dielectric, the pulse propagated in a dielectric constant and the other parts reflected back into a domain.

Nuclear Deformation Shape of Even- Even 122-146Ba and 200-214Pb Isotopes

Ayad.E. Ezwam — Sun, 11 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +0000

In this paper, the shape for even-even 122146 Ba and 200214 Pb nuclei have been studied, by using deformed shell model equations, to calculate the reduced

electric transition probability B (E 2)  ,between the ground state and first excited state to calculate nucleus quadrupole deformation parameter  for understanding the shape of nuclei as well as the intrinsic quadrupole moment

Q0andtherootmeansquareoftheradius r2 12werecalculated,andhavebeen

used through calculating major ( a ) and minor ( b )ellipsoid axes and the different between them R . The relationship between the difference of the major and minor elliptical axes (a,b) and neutrons number was studied. It's

clear that the R and the deformation parameters  of 56 Ba and 82 Pb

isotopesdecreasedwhentheneutronsnumberreachtothemagicnumber N 82 and N  126 . To achieve our mean purposes which determine the identify if the nucleus under the study has prolate, oblate or spherical shape, we have been compared our calculations with the stander values for the experimental Rexp

range. Finally, the nucleus under the study was plotted in two dimensions 2D depending on the value of (a,b ) .

Efficiency of secondary metabolites produced by Trichoderma spp against Fusarium oxysporum.

علي أبوالقاسم العاقل — Sat, 24 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Trichoderma has been achieved great success as a biological control agent against most plant pathogens, including Fusarium spp. by several mechanisms, the most important of which is the production of secondary bioactive metabolites.

Trichoderma spp. were isolated from the area around the roots of the olive plant using Trichoderma selective medium. Eight isolates were obtained and evaluated for their ability to inhibit Fusarium oxysporum using the dual plate bioassay, the inverted plates, and the cellophane membrane methods on Potato dextrose agar. Through these tests, the isolation (T3) was selected based on its ability for inhibit F. oxysporum in all tests used in this study for further investigation using GC-MS.

These metabolites were detected and identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results showed that the metabolites resulting from Trichoderma extract on the potato dextrose broth medium contained 21 compounds and the main compound was Phenylethyl Alcohol.

The findings of this study demonstrated the antagonistic effectiveness of these metabolites in inhibiting F. oxysporum, as assessed by the agar diffusion assay. Previous research has shown that various metabolic compounds influence significant antifungal and antibacterial properties against pathogens responsible for plant diseases, with some even being used in pharmaceutical applications.

A New Cryptographic Scheme Using Integral Transform and Matrix Decomposition

Asmaa O, Mubayrash — Sun, 11 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +0000

In this article, we show how to use the Abaoub Shkheam transform and matrix decomposition of the non-singular matrix to increase the security of communication between two people to be more secure. The goal of this research is to create an algorithm for information encryption and decryption using matrix decomposition and Abaoub Shkheam transform. In the first part of the paper for encryption, we take plain text as the original message and convert it to cipher text by applying the Abaoub Shkheam transform of hyperbolic function and lower triangular matrix as the encryption key. In the second part, we used the inverse Abaoub Shkheam transform of a hyperbolic function and upper triangular matrix as the decryption key for decryption. Generalization of the results is also obtained.

Metrizable Spaces with finitely many non–isolated points

Mabruk Ali Sola — Mon, 19 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +0000

A point x in a topological space X is said to be non-isolated if every open set containing x contains another point different from x. The aim of this paper is to give the topology and the metric induces that topology of a metrizable space X with exactly n non-isolated points .