Abstract
Abstract: Background: Tumour microenvironments are crucial for cancer progression and metastasis. There is a dynamic crosstalk between the malignant cells, stromal cells and endothelial cells to create a microenvironment that is critical for the survival, development and dissemination of the neoplastic mass. There are two major routes of spread one by blood vessels and the other through lymphatic system. Limited data are present regarding the role of immunological cells and the role of both blood and lymphatic vessels in oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and metastatic &non-metastatic oral cancer. Aim of this study to define the role of eosinophil cell and mast cells densities in addition to the role of podoplanin (D2-40) (lymphatic marker), CD34 (vascular marker) and ki67 (proliferative marker) in different grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma and OED.