Abstract
Global climate change has become a real phenomenon in our planet, confirmed by scientists in many studies and research, the temperature of the planet is rising because of emissions of greenhouse gases resulting from human activities, the most important of which is carbon dioxide emitted from the burning of fossil fuels, where levels increased CO2 in air from 280 ppm in the pre-industrial era to 379 ppm. Scientists are not optimistic that the levels of pollution will decrease due to our lifestyle, population growth, energy use and development projects will inevitably lead to constant warming and persistent climate changes and it will be worse than we expect. The World Health Organization report in 2008 stated that "global warming is becoming a reality, evidenced by increases in the global average of air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of ice and rising global average sea level. Eleven years of the 12 years from 1995 to 2006 have been classified as warming in the world's surface temperature record since 1850. Global climate change will have a major impact on the spread of infectious diseases. Many scientists have predicted that in some regions the temperature rise will change the mechanism and geographical area of the spread of diseases such as cholera, malaria and others, and increased rainfall will be a catalyst for the proliferation of vectors such as mosquitoes, ticks and snails. Increased surface and air temperatures will also increase the intensity and frequency of precipitation and flooding, which will be the cause of increased intestinal diseases and other communicable diseases. In general, climate change brings new problems in the control of infectious diseases because many deadly diseases transmitted by water and contaminated food as well as insects are highly sensitive to climatic conditions and extreme weather conditions. Climate change slows down, halts or reverses the current progress in combating many infectious diseases. This talk reviews the effects and factors caused by global climate change in increasing the spread and severity of pathogenic microbes in the world.