Abstract
This research examines the spatial variability of soil pH and electrical conductivity (EC) in the Jeffara Plain region utilizing Simple Kriging (SK) and Ordinary Kriging (OK) methodologies. Geostatistics provides a comprehensive framework for evaluating spatial patterns in soil characteristics, facilitating forecasts at unsampled sites and improving the accuracy of soil management techniques. This work utilizes semivariogram models to create forecast soil maps with SK and OK interpolation methods. The designated study area, encompassing roughly 150,086 hectares, was delineated after an exhaustive examination of 250 soil profiles. ArcGIS was employed to evaluate spatial correlations, and predicted maps. To determine the validation of the predictive soil pH and soil EC maps, 25 reprehensive soil profiles randomly distributed in the study area were cross validated with predicted soil pH and EC results indicate that the Exponential model provides dependable predictions for soil pH and electrical conductivity (EC), exhibiting a large geographical dependency for soil pH and a moderate reliance for soil EC. This mapping methodology offers essential insights for sustainable soil management and facilitates strategic decision-making in agricultural activities.