Abstract
Introduction: Brucellosis is a worldwide infectious disease that primarily affects livestock, resulting in considerable illness and economic losses, especially in undeveloped areas. A cross-sectional epidemiological study examined the prevalence of Brucella infection in goats sourced from farm 6 towns within the Wadi Al Shati District in the Southern region of Libya. Methods: serum samples were analyzed using the Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and indirect Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent assay (iELISA). Further data analysis was conducted using the SPSS statistical software, with the Chi-square test employed to explore the associations between seropositivity and location, animal age (≤3 years vs. >3 years), grazing area (residential vs. farm), and farm size (≤5 acres vs. >5 acres). Results: a total of 472 samples were gathered from 26 different locations. The overall prevalence of Brucellosis was found to be 14.8% (70/472) with the highest rate detected in the town of Ashkadh at 84.28% (involving 59 samples across 14 farms), followed by Brak at 10% (seven samples from one farm) and Zalouaz at 5.7% (four samples from two farms). Further statistical analysis showed that there were no significant differences observed based on the variables used. Conclusion: this current research provides important epidemiological data on the incidence of Brucella infection within this significant Sahara region in Libya. Implementing a comprehensive prevention control strategy based on the "One Health" concept necessitates regional and international cooperation.