ملخص
Abstract: In this study, an extract of coriander seeds (Coriandrum sativum) was used on a group of patients with prediabetes (20 cases) attending specialized clinics in the city of Tripoli, Libya. They were compared with a similar group (20 cases) who did not consume the coriander seed extract, in order to verify the suitability of using this plant as a natural alternative to manufactured pharmaceutical drugs for combating diabetes. The biological effect of the coriander seed extract was evaluated through medical analyses that included: HbA1c (glycated hemoglobin), fasting blood sugar (FBS), nsulin level, insulin resistance, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides (TG), and total cholesterol. The study demonstrated statistically significant differences between the results of the cases that consumed the coriander seed extract and those that did not, across all analyses in general. The results also proved that coriander seed extract can be used to improve blood sugar and lipid levels in the short term (30 days) and medium term (60 days) for patients with type 2 diabetes. The results indicate that after 60 days of consuming coriander seed extract, the levels of glycated hemoglobin and blood lipids followed this order: after two months of extract consumption < after one month of consumption < without consumption. It was possible to bring the HbA1c level of most cases to the normal range (≈ 6.5) after consuming coriander seed extract for 60 consecutive days, at the dosages specified in the protocol defined by the study. The results showed that the reduction rate in fasting blood sugar ranged between 19.83% and 20.11% in the cases that consumed the coriander seed extract, while the increase rate in fasting blood sugar levels ranged between 4.67% and 15.05% for the cases and groups that did not consume the extract. A relative stability in insulin levels was observed in many of the studied cases, despite a gradual decrease in insulin resistance rates among those who consumed the extract for two consecutive months. After two months of coriander seed extract consumption, LDL levels decreased by 15.6% to 16.25%, TG reduction ranged between 14.89% and 24.28%, while total cholesterol decreased by more than 11.5%. The results also demonstrated that the effect of dietary modification alone did not exceed 0.4% for patients with prediabetes. Keywords: Type 2 diabetes; Coriander plant and seeds; Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c); Insulin resistance Cryptosporidium; Total cholesterol