Abstract
This chapter analyzes the development of public administration in Libya since its independence in 1951 identifying the main characteristics of the politico-administration system. This chapter describes the major changes that have taken place while highlighting those features that have continuously existed despite the radical political changes. This chapter then moves to provide a snapshot of the administrative arrangements in the post-Gaddafi transition and identify the essential factors that determine the structures, mandates, and performance of public administration and its challenges. The study presents an analysis of the main issues related to public administration, including legislative frameworks, the levels of administration, as well as those related to recruitment, compensation/salary, gender, corruption, and accountability. The discussion concludes by outlining the key future challenges Libya faces, including the dire need for effective public administration and civil service reform.