Abstract
This research seeks to define and regulate the utilitarian function of criminal penalties, aiming to establish a balanced penal system aligned with the state's broader vision and public policy. Unlike traditional views, this study offers a more comprehensive perspective on the function of criminal penalties. Using analytic and critical methodologies alongside a comparative approach, the research identifies key findings that advocate for expanding the benefits of criminal penalties. These benefits should extend beyond traditional criminal protection mechanisms, promoting a broader scope of legal protection with far-reaching positive impacts across various levels of society, Achieving these outcomes requires the implementation of effective measures that enhance the utility of penalties. This can be accomplished through necessary amendments and reforms, ensuring that penalties serve their intended judicial purpose. Furthermore, substantial transformations in the criminal justice system are needed, which include reassessing the penal framework, abolishing certain penalties, restricting their application, or redefining their use. Finally, the conceptual foundations of the legal system, particularly the notion of public interest, must be reconsidered to fully realize the intended benefits.