Abstract
Background: The acute heart failure (AHF) patients usually presented with multiple interrelated comorbidities. The patient’s comorbidities play a major role in determining the prognosis and outcome of AHF patients, as well as affecting the management. This study aimed to assess the outcomes of AHF patients who were admitted in Tripoli University Hospital (TUH) based on the presence of comorbidities. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from January to end of October 2022 in TUH. A self-constructed questionnaire was designed to collect the data from medical records then the data was analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Results: A total of 140 AHF patients who were admitted to the cardiac ward or CCU at TUH were enrolled in this study. The patients were 102 (72.9%) males and 38 (27.1%) females, their mean age was 60.08 yrs ± SD 12.9, minimum age was 27 yrs and maximum age was 94 yrs. Most of AHF patients presented as acute decompensation of chronic heart failure (ADHF) 128 (91.4%) and 5 (3,6%) presented as cardiogenic shock. 15 (10.7%) of all AHF patients were admitted to CCU, 5 out of 15 CCU patients were presented as cardiogenic shock. Almost all of enrolled patients had multiple comorbidities only 8 (5.7%) had no comorbidities. Those comorbidities include: D.M 84 (60%), HPT 86 (61.4%), Arrythmia 35 (25%), I.H.D 61 (43.6%), Anemia 17 (12.1%), Kidney impairment 43 (30.7%) and obstructive sleep apnea (O.S.A) 4 (2.9%). According to the patient outcomes in this study 14 (10%) of patients were need advanced management, 12 (8.6%) were die and the rest of them recovered by medical treatments. 11 (91.7%) of died patients their EF was < 40%, 9 (75%) had D.M, 7 (58.3%) had HPT, 3 (25%) had arrythmia, 4 (33.3%) had I.H.D, 3 (25%) had anemia and 6 (50%) had Kidney impairment. 6 (50%) of died patients presented as ADHF and 5 (41.7%) presented as cardiogenic shock. The results in this study showed statistical significance between the presence of kidney impairment and the patient outcomes (p-value = 0.055). Also, there was statistical significance between the patient’s presentation as ADHF or as cardiogenic shock and in-hospital mortality (p-value = 0.055 & 0.057, respectively) Conclusions: The presence of comorbidities especially chronic kidney diseases, as well as the presentation condition of patients with acute heart failure increase the risk of in-hospital mortality.