Abstract
Background: Leishmania endemic disease in 88 countries which include Libya.. CL is distributed nearly exclusively in north-western districts where L. major is the dominant causative species. The control efforts of the sandfly vectors of leishmaniasis are problematic and directed only to adults. It is very difficult to adopt one control strategy for all endemic areas Spread of leishmania related to socioeconomic states. Aim: The aim of this study is to describe the epidemiological aspects of leishmania and their effect on the spread of leishmania among Libyan people. Methods: Cross- sectional Study with a convenient nonrandom sample will be performed on leishmania patients who attended a dermatology department outpatient clinic at university hospital and clinically diagnosed or approved their diagnosis by leishmania with laboratory or microscopic or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique during nine months’ period from July 2018 till June 2019. The obtained data w analyzed using (SPSS 16.0) Result: most of the 36 cases were male and diagnosed in November only 11 cases have been diagnosed by microscopic diagnosis, The most affected site was the upper extremities affected Fewer lesions have been recorded on faces. The marjory of the lesion was considered a dry lesion with no lymphadenitis. The majority of patients gave a history to travel to another city and endemic area, (80.6%) of patients live on the first floor, (83.3%) of patients gave a history of contact with animals, (52.8%) of the patient recorded the presence of animal feeding and fodder nearby them. Most of the patients (88.8%) were spending time outdoors or sleeping outdoors at night. The majority of patients did not use mosquito repellant (88.8%). (47.2%) of patient record the absence of an unsanitary environment, while (13.9%) record the presence of waste disposed of in open areas, and the same percentage to open sewerage. Conclusion: most of the cases were dry ulcers and were well treated by liquid nitrogen keeping scar after. The peak of cases was in November majority of patients gave a history of living in an endemic area or visiting an endemic area. Residency of areas close to animal feeding and fodder or nearby farm was well observed, in addition Personal behavior as spending nights’ outdoors was well observed as well lacking of the use of protective measures against mosquitoes. bad sanitary environment was observed with no proper disposal of waste products and sewerage. That indicates to more protective program against mosquitoes in the country, especially in endemic areas.