1. Studying the gravitational effort in the atmosphere, the rise in gravitational effort, as well as the changes that occur in the main pressure systems (atmospheric heights, depressions) when the temperature increases or decreases within their centers.2. Understanding the stability and instability of air masses, the process of generation and dissolution of fronts, the jet stream, as well as the formation of depressions and elevations in the mid-latitude regions. With an understanding of the characteristics of large synoptic systems.3. Learn how to prepare thickness maps in general, calculating the thickness of the troposphere layer graphically and mathematically.4. Familiarity with predictive rules related to depressions and altitudes, pressure centers, as well as rules related to air fronts.
Intended learning outcomes
a. Knowledge and understanding:A.1 The student should be familiar with the gravitational potential in the atmosphere and the height of the gravitational potential due to their importance in analyzing upper atmosphere maps. Also, the increase and decrease of the different pressure systems with the rise and fall of the air temperature inside them.A.2 The student describes the conditions of stability and instability of the air and what may result from the generation or dissolution of the front. Also, the conditions of the formation of depressions and air elevations in temperate (medium) latitudes, the process of transition to large synoptic systems, and the extent of the relationship with the jet stream in the upper layers of the atmosphere.A.3 The student should explain how to prepare the thickness map and remember to calculate the thickness, especially the thickness of the troposphere, graphically and mathematically.A.4 The student should remember the predictive rules related to altitudes and depressions, along with the predictive rules related to pressure centers. He also mentions the predictive rules for hot and cold fronts.B. Mental skills:B.1 The student derives the equation for the height of the gravitational stress through the concept of the gravitational stress and uses it in calculating the heights of the different pressure surfaces. It also compares the effect resulting from the increase or decrease in the temperature of highs and lows.B.2 The student analyzes the causes that lead to the generation of the front, as well as those that cause its fading or dissolution, and linking them to the two states of stability and instability of the air. He also has to distinguish between the characteristics of the highlands and depressions in the middle latitudes and the characteristics of the large synoptic systems affecting the Mediterranean region due to their direct impact on the North African weather.B.3 That the student propose new ideas regarding the preparation of thickness maps, while calculating the thickness graphically and mathematically, especially the thickness of the troposphere layer.B.4 That the student relates the predictive rules related to pressure systems and the predictive rules related to cold and hot air fronts.
