CH031 : Organic chemistry Practical

Scientific subject

The number of hours

a lecture

Lab

exercises

discussion

Independent study

Number of weeks

Determine some important physical constants for organic compounds(Theoretical aspect): Determination of the melting point (degree): Definition of the melting point -Factors that affect melting - methods for determining the melting point (the capillary tube method and the electrical melting point measuring device method).

3

-

3

-

-

-

1

Determine the boiling point: Definition of the boiling point - factors that affect the boiling point - the relationship between vapor pressure and temperature - methods for determining the boiling point - determining the boiling point using the capillary tube method.

3

-

3

-

-

-

1

Separation and purification of organic compounds:The theoretical aspect - the most important methods of purification and separation (crystallization, sublimation, distillation, chromatographic separation, extraction) - crystallization (re-crystallization) - conditions that must be met in the appropriate solvent for the crystallization process - crystallization stages - filtration process (ordinary filtration and vacuum filtration) - purification of an unsuitable sample Pure benzoic acid.

3

-

3

-

-

-

1

distillation:Simple distillation - separation of a volatile liquid from a non-volatile substance by simple distillation - fractional distillation - distillation under low pressure - steam distillation.

3

-

3

-

-

-

1

Extraction:Distribution coefficient - types of extraction (extraction of an organic mixture with water, extraction of the organic mixture with an acidic solution of hydrochloric acid, extraction of the organic compound in it using a weak base such as sodium bicarbonate.).

6

-

6

2

Qualitative analysis of common elements in organic compounds:The theoretical aspect - detection of carbon and hydrogen - detection of nitrogen (Prussian blue test), sulfur (lead acetate test and sodium nitroprusside test) and halogens (if the organic compound is free of nitrogen and sulfur and if either or both are present).

6

-

6

2

Identify common functional groups in organic compoundsThe theoretical aspect - detection of aliphatic hydrocarbons (saturated and unsaturated), detection of bromine - detection of cold diluted potassium permanganate solution - detection of concentrated sulfuric acid. Detection of aromatic hydrocarbons - combustion test - nitration test - aluminum chloride test.

6

-

6

2

Detection of alcohol: Specific detection of alcohols - sodium detection - acetyl chloride detection - distinction between alcohols - oxidation detection (chromic acid detection) - Lucas test - iodoform test.

6

-

6

2

Detection of aldehydes and zalketones:Introduction - Common reactions (detection of carbonyl group) - 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine test - Distinguishing between aldehydes and ketones - Tollens' test - Fehling's test - Benedict's test - Schiff's reagent.

6

-

6

2

Reference book

Reference name

Author

publisher

Release

His whereabouts

Basic practical organic chemistry “techniques, preparation and organic diagnosis”

a. Dr.. Mahmoud Al-Faytouri Farahat, A. Dr.. Ahmed Mohamed Al-Sagheer, A. Dr.. Muhammad Mukhtar Abu Ain, A. Dr.. Mansour Ali Makhlouf

Dar al-Hikma

9th

University sales