Constituents
of the nucleus and the nuclear forces:
The quantum number (n), Bohr's theory, The four quantum numbers (n,L,mL,ms),
Schrödinger theory, The electronic structure of atoms, The constituents of the
nucleus, Proton-electron hypothesis, Proton-neutron hypothesis, Other
elementary particles, The four universal forces, The nuclear force, Nuclear
stability, Nuclear models, ( Liquid drop model: Binding energy formula),
Nuclear shell model (nucleonic structure of the nucleus). Nuclear Reactions:
Reaction rates (R=ΣΦ) Calculations of number densities (N) (for singles,
molecules, a/o and, w/o enrichment), Microscopic cross sections, ENDF-Library,
Averaging the cross sections on energy spectrums, Breit-wigner formal, energy
level widths and life time of nuclei (the uncertainty principle). Theory of the
compound nucleus, Decay schemes and excitation energy of nuclei, Q-value of
reactions.Radioactive decay: Basic concepts (half life t1/2, decay
constant λ, Activity A), Radioactive decay model (R=P-L), Solution of decay
networks (analytic and numerical),Secular and transient equilibrium. Some
applications of radioactive decay analysis ( production of radio- isotopes,
reactor fuel burnup and control).Fission process: Energy released from fission,
fission product yield, unsustained chain reaction (Nat. uranium alone),
sustained chain reactions (Moderation and / or enrichment), types of nuclear
reactors.Neutron life cycle (NLC): The neutron life cycle concept, neutron life
time and generation time, K-factor formula, K∞- formula, preliminary
design of reactors using NLC
